基于FPGA的深空图像实时边缘检测算法与实现

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2020.05.008

电子科技 ›› 2020, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 45-49.doi: 10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2020.05.008

基于FPGA的深空图像实时边缘检测算法与实现

史伟忠¹,曹卫卫²,范彦铭¹,董佳筠²,陈纾²,肖昊³

1. 南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,江苏南京 210016
2. 上海航天控制技术研究所,上海 201109
3. 合肥工业大学微电子学院,安徽合肥 230009

收稿日期:2019-03-25 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-06-02
作者简介:史伟忠(1991-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:电路与系统。|肖昊(1982-),男,博士,教授。研究方向:微电子学。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61504059)

FPGA-Based Real-Time Edge Detection and its Implementation for Deep-Space Images

SHI Weizhong¹,CAO Weiwei²,FAN Yanming¹,DONG Jiajun²,CHEN Shu²,XIAO Hao³

1. School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
2. Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology, Shanghai 201109,China
3. School of Microelectronics,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China

Received:2019-03-25 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-06-02
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(61504059)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

航天器的导航控制是深空探索的重要关键技术之一。随着探索距离越来越远,传统地面站控制的局限性越发明显,因此航天器自主导航成为深空探索的发展方向。边缘检测是光学自主导航系统中定位天体目标的关键算法之一,为了满足星载计算机计算的实时性要求,文中提出了一种优化的Canny边缘检测算法和FPGA电路架构来优化Canny边缘检测算法中的非极大值抑制并采用动态单阈值,使其能够以较少的资源占用在FPGA上以流水线架构实现。该方法在保证边缘提取精度地前提下满足光学自主导航实时性的要求,对复杂的星体目标也具有较好的鲁棒性。

关键词: FPGA, 光学自主导航, 边缘检测, 图像处理, 航天器控制, Canny

Abstract:

Navigation control of spacecraft is one of the key technologies in deep space exploration. However, As the exploration distance is getting farther, the limitations of traditional ground station control become more obvious. Therefore, autonomous optical navigation has become the development direction of aerospace exploration in the future. The edge detection technology is one of the critical algorithms in optical autonomous navigation. In order to meet the real-time requirement of on-board computing, this study proposed an optimized Canny edge detection algorithm and the circuit architecture of FPGA to optimize the non-maximum suppression and adopt dynamic single threshold of Canny edge detection algorithm. In this way, it could be implemented on the FPGA with less resource occupation and pipeline architecture. Finally, the real-time requirement of optical autonomous navigation was satisfied on the premise of guaranteeing the accuracy of edge extraction. and it had good robustness to complex star targets.

Key words: FPGA, autonomous optical navigation, edge detection, image processing, spacecraft control, Canny

中图分类号:

TN492

史伟忠,曹卫卫,范彦铭,董佳筠,陈纾,肖昊. 基于FPGA的深空图像实时边缘检测算法与实现[J]. 电子科技, 2020, 33(5): 45-49.

SHI Weizhong,CAO Weiwei,FAN Yanming,DONG Jiajun,CHEN Shu,XIAO Hao. FPGA-Based Real-Time Edge Detection and its Implementation for Deep-Space Images[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2020, 33(5): 45-49.

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参考文献 16

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图像	水星		金星
算法	文献[14]	本文	文献[14]	本文
误检率	12.10%	0%	61.51%	9.29%
单像素边缘比例	47.37%	100%	67.55%	100%
边缘宽度	>1	1	>1	1
均方根	1.561	0.458	1.507	1.068

算法	Slice Reg	Slice LUTs	DSP48Es	Total Memory
文献[15]	1 270	2 578	7	217 kB
本文	512	421	1	108 kB

基于FPGA的深空图像实时边缘检测算法与实现

FPGA-Based Real-Time Edge Detection and its Implementation for Deep-Space Images

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