关键词: 四极串激电机, 波绕组, 换向火花, 运行特性, 电机匝比, 增大气隙长度, 逆转向偏移电刷, Maxwell

Abstract:

To reduce the increased cost of the universal motor, a new four-poles single-phase universal motor is designed based on a pick motor. The armature winding end of the motor is short, the number of brushes is small, and the auxiliary magnetic pole of the stator does not need an excitation winding, which can effectively reduce the material consumption of the series motor. By improving the structure of the traditional two-poles pick motor, the structural parameters of the new four-poles universal motor are determined and the two-dimensional finite element model of the motor is established. The air gap flux density, starting process, operating characteristics and radial force of the new series motor are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the mechanical characteristics of the four-poles series motor are relatively soft. Furthermore, the effects of the increase of the ratio of stator to rotor, different length of air gap, and the reverse offset of brush on the improvement of commutation spark are theoretically analyzed, which provides a reference for further optimization of the motor.

Key words: four-poles universal motor, wave winding, commutating spark, operational characteristics, motor turns ratio, air gap length, reverse offset brush, Maxwell