一种简化的火焰夹角计算方法及其遥测布站应用

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2019.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

火箭尾焰造成的信号衰减是运载火箭设计及地面测量点位选择重点考虑的问题之一。针对遥测设备人员难以知悉目标飞行姿态参数,无法采用传统方法计算火焰夹角的问题,在推导测站位置、火焰夹角及火箭飞行过程俯仰角间数学关系的基础上,提出了一种采用空间两向量夹角余弦反算火焰夹角的方法并进行实测数据验证。简化方法不需要目标飞行姿态参数,与传统方法比较计算结果误差小于0.1°,满足设备布站分析的精度要求。在设备布站前,应用此方法对目标跟踪过程中的火焰夹角进行计算,进一步对火焰影响信号接收情况进行预估,提高了设备站址选择的合理性。

关键词: 遥测设备, 火焰衰减, 火焰夹角, β角, 布站, 信号衰减

Abstract:

Signal attenuation caused by the rocket tail flame is one of the key considerations in the design of launch vehicle and the selection of points on the ground. It is difficult for the equipment personnel to know the flight attitude of target and use the traditional method to calculate the flame angle. To solve these issues, based on the mathematical relationship between the positions of the stations, the angle of the flame and the pitch angle of the rocket during flight, a method of using the cosine of space between two vectors to calculate the included angle of the flame was proposed. The simplified method did not need to know the flight attitude parameters of the target. Compared with the traditional method, the calculated result error was less than 0.1°, which met the precision requirements of equipment station analysis. With use of the method, the signal reception affected by flame could be further estimated through calculating the angle of the flame in the target tracking process, which improved the rationality of equipment site selection.

Key words: telemetry equipment, flame attenuation, flame angle, β angle, cloth station, signal attenuation

中图分类号:

TN850

庞岳峰,张越,张骞,马占顺. 一种简化的火焰夹角计算方法及其遥测布站应用[J]. 电子科技, 2019, 32(2): 42-46.

PANG Yuefeng,ZHANG Yue,ZHANG Qian,MA Zhanshun. Simplified Calculation Method of Jet Flame Angle and Telemetry Cloth Station Application[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2019, 32(2): 42-46.

图/表 7

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

表2

参考文献 16

[1]	陈新华, 杨森, 李伟榕 . 火箭尾焰电磁特性参数对电磁波衰减特性影响研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2009,9(5):1195-1197. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2009.05.021
	Chen Xinhua, Yang Sen, Li Weirong . Calculation and analysis of the interference characteristics by rocket wake flame electromagnetic parameters[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2009(5):1195-1197. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2009.05.021
[2]	苏汉生, 赵良, 刘秀祥 . 高超声速飞行器等离子鞘套反演分析[J]. 电讯技术, 2015,55(1):1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-893x.2015.01.001
	Su Hansheng, Zhao Liang, Liu Xiuxiang . Signal reversal of plasma sheath of hypersonic vehicles[J]. Telecommu-nication Engineering, 2015,55(1):1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-893x.2015.01.001
[3]	高军, 曹祥玉, 曹越胜 , 等. 电磁场与电磁波[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2007.
	Gao Jun, Cao Xiangyu, Cao Yuesheng , et al. Electromag-netic field theory[M]. Xi'an: Xidian University Press, 2007.
[4]	郑灵, 赵青, 罗先刚 , 等. 等离子体中电磁波传输特性理论与实验研究[J]. 物理学报, 2012,61(15):155-203. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.155203
	Zheng Ling, Zhao Qing, Luo Xiangang , et al. Theoretical and experimental studies of electromagnetic wave transmission in plasma[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012,61(15):155-203. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.155203
[5]	李江挺, 郭立新, 金莎莎 , 等. 等离子体鞘套中的电磁波传播特性研究[J]. 电波科学学报, 2011,33(3):494-500.
	Li Jiangting, Guo Lixin, Jin Shasha , et al. Studies of electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics in plasma sheath[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2011,33(3):494-500.
[6]	施心洁, 胡天俊, 冯周江 . 发动机火焰对微波信号衰减的测试[J]. 制导与引信, 2002,23(2):45-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0576.2002.02.011
	Shi Xinjie, Hu Tianjun, Feng Zhoujiang . The measurement on the attenuation of the microwave signal by the motor flame[J]. Guidance&Fuze, 2002,23(2):45-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0576.2002.02.011
[7]	安冬梅, 刘青云 . 飞行环境对火箭喷焰微波特性的影响[J]. 固体火箭技术, 2000,23(3):11-14. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2793.2000.03.003
	An Dongmei, Liu Qingyun . Flight environment of rocket jet flame microwave properties[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technilogy, 2000,23(3):11-14. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2793.2000.03.003
[8]	石雁祥 . 火箭喷焰尘埃等离子体电磁特性的理论研究[D]. 西安:西安电子科技大学, 2008.
	Shi Yanxiang . Research on rocket jet flame dust plasma electromagnetic characteristics of theoretical[D].Xi'an: Xidian University, 2008.
[9]	王菊 . 火箭喷焰对微波信号衰减的研究[D]. 西安:西安电子科技大学, 2007.
	Wang Ju . Study of microwave attenuation in the rocket exhaust[D].Xi'an: Xidian University, 2007.
[10]	李环 . 运载火箭发动机火焰衰减仿真研究[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2007(4):10-12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7182.2007.04.003
	Li Huan . Research on simulation of flame attenuation of launch vehicle engines[J].Missile and Space Vehicle,2007(4):10-12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7182.2007.04.003
[11]	谢鑫 . 测向交叉定位最优布站方案分析[J]. 电子科技, 2014,27(8):85-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7820.2014.08.024
	Xie Xin . Analysis of optimal scheme of direction finding cross station distribution[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2014,27(8):85-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7820.2014.08.024
[12]	刘艳, 李彩容 . 一种遥测接收设备布站方案的设计[J]. 无线电工程, 2015,45(1):44-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3106.2015.01.12
	Liu Yan, Li Cairong . Station distribution scheme design of a telemetry receiver[J]. Radio Engineering, 2015,5(1):44-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3106.2015.01.12
[13]	马志强, 郭福生, 陈良友 . 靶场大地测量[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2004.
	Ma Zhiqiang, Guo Fusheng, Chen Liangyou. Range geodesy[M]. Beijing: Aerospace Press, 2001.
[14]	李秉常 . 航天遥测系统[M]. 北京: 宇航出版社, 2001
	Li Bingchang. Telemetry system[M]. Beijing: Aerospace press, 2001.
[15]	Alegre J P, Perez J P A, Celma S , et al.Automatic gain control techniques and architectures for RF receives[M]. New York:Springer Verlag, 2011.
[16]	周三文, 卢满宏, 黄建国 . 恒定建立时间数字AGC环路设计[J].飞行器测控学报,2013(4):316-320. doi: 10.7642/j.issn.1674-5620.2013-04-0316-05
	Zhou Sanwen, Lu Manhong, Huang Jianguo . Design of digital AGC loops with constant settling time[J].Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2009(6):25-29. doi: 10.7642/j.issn.1674-5620.2013-04-0316-05

计算方法	弹道1	弹道2	弹道3	弹道4	弹道5
传统方法/(°)	14.82	8.85	21.34	4.37	18.04
简化方法/(°)	14.75	8.91	21.26	4.44	17.95
误差/(°)	0.07	0.06	0.08	0.07	0.09

发射点	射向	火焰夹角最小值/(°)		火焰夹角<8°时长/s
		A点位	B点位	A点位	B点位
发射点1	射向1	9.51	9.68	0	0
	射向2	10.67	10.21	0	0
发射点2	射向3	8.06	9.25	2	0
	射向4	1.42	14.3	32	0
	射向5	7.64	12.7	7	0
	射向6	1.98	15.2	24	0
发射点3	射向7	12.3	13.5	0	0