基于鲸鱼算法的变压器局放超声内部定位研究

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.11.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

变压器绕组因绝缘缺陷引发的局部放电危害供电系统安全运行,目前针对局部放电的检测受电磁干扰、传感器布置方式等因素的影响较大。为此,文中提出了在变压器检修口处内置传感器的布置方式,并采用鲸鱼优化(Whale Optimization Algorithm,WOA)算法对局部放电点进行定位估计。通过COMSOL建立三相变压器绕组模型,仿真分析了超声波在变压器绕组内的传播规律,并得到了WOA算法定位所需的时延信息。仿真结果表明,对于B相高低压绕组的局放点,应用WOA算法的非对称四边形阵列的布置方式比对称四边形阵列的定位误差更小,平均误差为3.9 cm;对于A相,在变压器检修口处内置两个检测点可以有效定位局放点,平均误差为5.1 cm。文中结果可为现场变压器局部放电定位提供一定的参考。

关键词: 鲸鱼算法, 超声波定位, 局部放电, 超声波内置检测, 变压器局放, 有限元法, WOA, 局放源定位

Abstract:

The partial discharge caused by the insulation defect of the transformer winding endangers the safe operation of the power supply system, and the current detection of partial discharge is greatly affected by factors such as electromagnetic interference and sensor arrangement. Therefore, this study proposes an arrangement of built-in sensors at the transformer inspection port, and uses the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to estimate the location of partial discharge points. By establishing a three-phase transformer winding model through COMSOL, the propagation law of ultrasonic waves in the transformer winding is simulated and analyzed, and the time delay information required by the WOA algorithm for positioning is obtained. The simulation results show that for the partial discharge points of the B-phase high and low voltage windings, the layout of the asymmetric quadrilateral array using the WOA algorithm has a smaller positioning error than the symmetrical quadrilateral array, and the average error is 3.9 cm. Additionally, for A-phase, two built-in detection points at the mouth can effectively locate the partial discharge point, and the average error is 5.1 cm. The obtained results can provide a certain reference value for the partial discharge positioning of the on-site transformer.

Key words: whale algorithm, ultrasonic positioning, partial discharge, ultrasonic built-in detection, transformer partial discharge, finite element method, WOA, PD source location

中图分类号:

TN912

钱定冬,宋柯,王伟. 基于鲸鱼算法的变压器局放超声内部定位研究[J]. 电子科技, 2023, 36(11): 41-46.

QIAN Dingdong,SONG Ke,WANG Wei. Research on Internal Positioning of Transformer Partial Discharge Ultrasound Based on Whale Algorithm[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2023, 36(11): 41-46.

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组成部分	密度/kg·m^-3	声速/m·s^-1
铁心、箱壁	7 850	5 100
绕组线圈	8 700	4 760
变压器油	890	1 420

点	局放源坐标/m	定位坐标/m	误差/cm
M	0.170,0.170,0.500	0.162,0.168,0.553	5.40
M	0.170,0.170,0.300	0.155,0.188,0.298	2.35
M	0.170,0.170,0.100	0.196,0.198,0.106	3.87
N	0.115,-0.048,0.485	0.188,-0.070,0.485	7.62
N	0.115,-0.048,0.285	0.119,-0.047,0.369	8.14
N	0.115,-0.048,0.150	0.139,-0.056,0.171	3.29

点	局放源坐标/m	定位坐标/m	误差/cm
M	0.170,0.170,0.500	0.178,0.186,0.479	2.76
M	0.170,0.170,0.300	0.174,0.189,0.333	3.83
M	0.170,0.170,0.100	0.204,0.198,0.096	4.42
N	0.115,-0.048,0.485	0.143,-0.093,0.454	6.14
N	0.115,-0.048,0.285	0.132,-0.058,0.272	2.36
N	0.115,-0.048,0.150	0.119,0.055,0.114	3.69

点	局放源坐标/m	定位坐标/m	误差/cm
Q	0.10,0.67,0.15	0.157,0.624,0.131	7.60
Q	0.10,0.67,0.35	0.077,0.660,0.309	4.81
Q	0.10,0.67,0.55	0.137,0.634,0.575	4.28
P	0.18,0.75,0.05	0.213,0.718,0.042	4.67
P	0.18,0.75,0.25	0.207,0.724,0.225	4.51
P	0.18,0.75,0.40	0.189,0.721,0.360	4.86