表贴式永磁同步电机中高速无位置传感器控制技术比较研究

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2021.10.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对永磁同步电机高速运行模式下无位置传感器技术,文中研究了滑模观测器、龙伯格观测器、模型参考自适应系统3种无感估算算法。滑模观测器算法稳定性较好,但是由于系统不连续开关量的存在,不利于提取有效反电势。通过加入滤波器,能有效提取反电动势。龙伯格算法简单,但是反电动势耦合会导致一些干扰信号。为了工程实现,需要加入锁相环,使得估算更加准确。模型参考自适应系统相对复杂,故基于波波夫稳定性理论设计了反馈自适应律。文中对3种无感观测器算法进行了仿真分析,结果显示,滑模观测器算法鲁棒性最好,对比龙伯格算法,参数更少且利于工程实现;模型参考自适应观测器的自适应律设计复杂,由于需要两套模型进行计算,对控制器性能要求高且不利于工程实现。

关键词: 无位置传感器控系统, 电机驱动器, 永磁同步电机, 无感算法, 龙伯格观测器, 滑模观测器, 模型参考自适应观测器, 观测器

Abstract:

In this study, three sensorless estimation algorithms are investigated for the position sensorless technology in the high-speed operation mode in permanent magnet synchronous motors, including the sliding-mode observer, the Luenberger observer, and the model-referenced adaptive system. The sliding mode observer algorithm has good stability, but due to the existence of the discontinuous switching value of the system, it is not conducive to extracting the effective back EMF. By adding a filter, the back EMF can be effectively extracted. Luenberger algorithm is simple, but back EMF coupling can lead to some interfering signals. For engineering purposes, a phase-locked loops needs to be added to make the estimation more accurate. The model reference adaptive system is relatively complicated, so the feedback adaptive law is designed based on Popov stability theory. Simulation analysis of three sensorless observer algorithms show that the sliding-mode observer algorithm has the best robustness. Compared with the Luenberger algorithm, it has fewer parameter and is conducive to engineering realization. The adaptive law design of MRAS is complicated by the fact that two sets of models are required for calculation. Therefore, the performance requirements of the controller are relatively high, which is not conducive to engineering implementation.

Key words: position sensorless control system, motor drivers, permanent magnet synchronous motor, sensorless algorithms, Luenberger observer, sliding mode observer, model reference adaptive system observer, observer

中图分类号:

TP273

崔波,方玲利,蒋全,毕超. 表贴式永磁同步电机中高速无位置传感器控制技术比较研究[J]. 电子科技, 2021, 34(10): 8-10.

CUI Bo,FANG Lingli,JIANG Quan,BI Chao. A Comparative Study of High-Speed Position Sensorless Control Technology in Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2021, 34(10): 8-10.

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转速估算算法	1 000	1 400	1 800	2 200	1 600
SMO	10	8	10	11	9
MRAS	60	80	120	150	190

转速/r·min^-1 估算算法	1 000	1 400	1 800	2 200	1 600
SMO	0.050 rad	0.060 rad	0.075 rad	0.090 rad	0.065 rad
MRAS	0.400 rad	0.030 rad	0.030 rad	0.600 rad	0.050 rad

转速估算算法	1 000	1 400		1 800		2 200		1 600
SMO	10		8		10		11		9
LUO	4		2		5		6		0

转速估算算法	1 400	1 800	2 200	1 600
SMO	16	14	14	15
LUO	100	50	60	-80

转速/r·min^-1 估算算法	1 000	1 400	1 800	2 200	1 600
SMO	0.050 rad	0.060 rad	0.075 rad	0.090 rad	0.065 rad
LUO	0.100 rad	0.200 rad	0.260 rad	0.370 rad	0.220 rad