基于磁惯性测量的分段式井眼轨迹测算方法

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2022.11.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高随钻测量中井眼轨迹计算的精度,文中提出一种基于磁惯性测量的分段式井眼轨迹测算方法。在钻头停钻时,使用工具面角模型识别法对测段进行一次井眼轨迹模型识别,按照实时测量数据中的井深变化量生成一次模型约束下的测段的分测点。然后,使用磁惯性测量数据对分测点数据进行校正,将校正后的分测点进行分段轨迹模型识别。最后,将各分段对应的模型进行轨迹计算。实验结果表明,采用新方法后,坐标增量的绝对误差从单一模型算法的0.840 m降低至0.146 m,说明相对于单一模型的井眼轨迹计算方法,分段式井眼轨迹计算方法的误差较小,分段式的井眼轨迹计算方法能够提高井眼轨迹的测算精度。

关键词: 随钻测量, 磁/惯性组合, 井眼轨迹模型, 模型识别, 分测点校正, 自适应分段, 分段式计算, 卡尔曼滤波

Abstract:

In order to improve the accuracy of well trajectory calculation in measurement while drilling, a segmented well trajectory calculation method based on magnetic inertia measurement is proposed in this study. When the drill bit is stopped, the tool face angle model recognition method is used to identify the borehole trajectory model of the test section, and the sub-measurement points of the test section under the constraints of the model are generated according to the depth change in the real-time measurement data. Then, the magnetic inertia measurement data is used to correct the measured points, and the corrected points are identified by piecewise trajectory model. Finally, the corresponding models are calculated by piecewise model. The experimental results show that the absolute error of the coordinate increment is reduced from 0.840 m of the single model algorithm to 0.146 m after adopting the new method, which shows that compared with the single model of the well trajectory calculation method, the error of the segmented well trajectory calculation method is smaller and the wellbore trajectory calculation method can improve the accuracy of the borehole trajectory calculation.

Key words: measurement while drilling, magnetic/inertia combination, wellbore trajectory model, model identification, sub point correction, adaptive segmentation, segmented computation, Kalman filter

中图分类号:

TP212.9

杨金显,刘鹏威. 基于磁惯性测量的分段式井眼轨迹测算方法[J]. 电子科技, 2022, 35(11): 72-79.

YANG Jinxian,LIU Pengwei. Calculation Method of Segmented Borehole Trajectory Based on Magnetic Inertia Measurement[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2022, 35(11): 72-79.

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井深 /m	井斜角 /(°)	方位角 /(°)	工具面角 /(°)	a /(°)	b /(°)	c /(°)
100	10.0	30.0	24.0	-	-	-
120	18.0	39.5	22.5	22.39	26.35	15.23
145	27.5	44.5	15.8	15.90	18.60	12.68
160	33.8	49.0	8.0	9.04	9.08	6.66
180	42.5	56.0	14.5	14.62	15.96	11.99
195	50.5	67.0	16.5	16.65	17.67	15.20
210	56.3	60.0	350.0	350.58	352.16	348.39
230	47.2	52.0	333.5	333.78	333.12	335.22
245	38.6	41.0	332.0	331.35	332.12	335.40
260	46.0	34.0	330.5	330.99	328.80	333.55
280	51.0	30.0	329.0	328.13	327.16	330.38

井深/m	自然参数模型 /(°)·m^-1	圆柱螺线模型 /(°)·m^-1	空间圆弧模型 /(°)·m^-1
100	-	-	-
120	5.50	192.50	363.50
145	4.00	112.00	124.80
160	69.33	72.00	89.33
180	6.00	73.00	125.50
195	10.00	78.00	86.67
210	38.67	144.00	107.33
230	14.00	19.00	86.12
245	43.33	8.00	226.67
260	32.67	113.33	203.33
280	43.50	92.02	69.22

井深 /m	测点井斜角/(°)	测点方位角/(°)	校正后井斜角/(°)	校正后方位角/(°)
145.0	19.0	41.5	19.00	41.50
146.2*	19.3	42.0	19.32	42.61
147.3*	19.6	42.5	19.61	43.64
148.1*	19.8	42.8	19.83	44.38
149.0*	20.1	43.2	20.07	45.21
149.8*	20.3	43.6	20.28	45.96
150.9*	20.6	44.1	20.57	46.98
152.0*	20.9	44.5	20.87	48.34
153.3*	21.2	45.1	21.21	47.74
154.5*	21.5	45.6	21.53	46.53
155.5*	21.8	46.1	21.80	45.98
156.8*	22.1	46.6	22.15	45.94
157.7*	22.4	47.0	22.39	46.37
158.6*	22.6	47.4	22.63	47.14
159.8*	22.9	47.9	22.95	48.63
160.0	23.0	48.0	23.00	48.05

井深 /m	工具面角 /(°)	校正后井斜角/(°)	校正后方位角/(°)	a/(°)	b/(°)	c/(°)
145.0	15.80	19.000	41.500	-	-	15.800
146.2	19.83	19.320	42.614	18.493 0	15.448 0	13.225 0
147.3	26.31	19.613	43.636	27.305 0	23.981 0	11.929 0
148.1	30.38	19.827	44.379	28.382 0	22.894 0	15.517 0
149.0	39.84	20.067	45.214	37.837 0	35.667 0	3.004 0
149.8	38.76	20.280	45.957	38.031 0	45.543 0	2.023 0
150.9	46.78	20.573	46.979	46.783 0	49.705 0	15.040 0
152.0	49.76	20.867	48.340	49.758 0	54.493 0	12.665 0
153.3	310.85	21.213	47.743	319.730 8	311.580 6	316.120 8
154.5	318.21	21.533	46.535	328.499 0	315.543 0	322.362 0
155.5	325.42	21.800	45.980	338.415 0	320.332 0	336.32 1 0
156.8	336.22	22.147	45.940	348.062 0	333.137 0	343.367 0
157.7	340.41	22.387	46.366	354.032 0	342.456 0	351.021 0
158.6	17.05	22.627	47.138	19.585 0	16.839 0	20.195 0
159.8	14.11	22.947	48.628	20.156 0	14.787 0	16.876 0
160.0	8.00	23.000	48.052	4.363 0	8.929 0	10.183 0

井深/m	a₁/(°)· m^-1	b₁/(°)· m^-1	c₁/(°)· m^-1	a₂/(°)· m^-1	b₂/(°)· m^-1	c₂/(°)· m^-1
145.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
146.2	1.11	3.65	5.50	1.11	3.65	5.500
147.3	0.90	2.12	13.07	2.02	5.77	18.580
148.1	2.50	9.36	18.58	4.52	15.13	37.160
149.0	2.23	4.64	40.93	6.74	19.76	78.090
149.8	0.91	8.48	45.92	7.65	28.24	124.010
150.9	0.15	2.66	28.85	7.80	30.90	152.860
152.0	0.00	4.30	33.72	7.80	35.20	186.580
153.3	6.84	0.57	4.06	6.84	0.57	4.060
154.5	8.57	2.22	3.46	15.41	2.79	7.520
155.5	13.00	5.09	10.90	28.41	7.88	18.420
156.8	9.11	2.37	5.50	37.52	10.25	23.920
157.7	15.14	2.27	11.79	52.65	12.52	35.710
158.6	2.82	0.23	3.49	55.47	12.76	39.200
159.8	5.04	0.56	2.30	60.51	13.32	41.510
160.0	19.44	3.40	9.665	79.94	16.72	51.173