电动汽车锂电池组双层环形均衡器研究

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2024.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统Buck-Boost均衡电路传输路径长且均衡效率低,现有的环形均衡器无法从根本上解决该问题。针对该问题,文中提出了一种基于Buck-Boost及开关电容的锂电池双层环形均衡器。该均衡电路采用模块化均衡的方法在底层模块和顶层模块采用Buck-Boost和开关电容的混合电路实现均衡,并采用图论分析的方法,从均衡速度、均衡效率两方面分析电路结构。结果表明,该均衡电路具有能量传输路径少、能量传输效率高的优点。文中在MATLAB/Simulink电力仿真平台上搭建了均衡电路的仿真模型,仿真结果表明基于Buck-Boost及开关电容的双层环形均衡器比单层环形均衡器均衡速度提高了46%。文中搭建了4节电池的实验样机对环形均衡电路工作原理及系统均衡效率进行实验验证,结果表明双层环形均衡器比单层环形均衡器均衡效率可提高26.78%。仿真与实验结果与理论分析一致,说明电路结构合理有效。

关键词: 锂电池, 环式结构, 均衡器, 图论法, 概率论, 双向环式, 混合拓扑, 双层结构, 串联电池组

Abstract:

The traditional Buck-Boost equalization circuit has long transmission path and low equalization efficiency, and the existing ring equalizer cannot fundamentally solve this problem. In view of this problem, a double-layer ring equalizer for lithium battery based on Buck-Boost and switched capacitor is proposed in this study. The equalization circuit adopts modular balancing method, and adopts Buck-Boost and switching capacitor hybrid circuit to achieve equalization in the bottom module and top module. The circuit structure is analyzed from two aspects of equalization speed and efficiency by graph theory analysis. The results show that the equalization circuit has the advantages of less energy transmission paths and high energy transmission efficiency. The simulation model of the equalization circuit is built on the MATLAB/Simulink power simulation platform. The simulation results show that the equalization speed of the double-layer ring equalizer based on Buck-Boost and switched capacitor is 46% higher than that of the single-layer ring equalizer. Additionally, an experimental prototype of four batteries is established to verify the working principle and system equalization efficiency of the ring equalization circuit. The experimental results show that the equalization efficiency of the double-layer ring equalizer is 26.78% higher than that of single-layer ring equalizer. The simulation and experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, which indicates that the circuit structure is reasonable and effective.

Key words: lithium battery, ring structure, equalizer, graph theory, probability theory, two way ring type, hybrid topology, double layer structure, series battery pack

中图分类号:

TN86

韩欣晟, 阚加荣, 凌慧颖, 王鹏, 成乾. 电动汽车锂电池组双层环形均衡器研究[J]. 电子科技, 2024, 37(4): 16-24.

HAN Xinsheng, KAN Jiarong, LING Huiying, WANG Peng, CHENG Qian. Research on Double Layer Ring Equalizer for Lithium Battery Pack of Electric Vehicle[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2024, 37(4): 16-24.

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