考虑需求响应和风电不确定性的电网调度

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2024.08.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电不确定性对电力系统的影响日益增加,文中提出一种考虑需求响应的电网源荷网经济调度方法。根据需求价格弹性理论和消费者心理学原理构建价格型需求响应模型,基于灵活补偿激励型需求响应充分考虑两类需求响应互补特性,增加两类需求响应对系统的备用约束。引入通用概率分布描述风电出力特性,以期望成本量化风电不确定性惩罚成本,并将目标函数中的非线性变量线性化处理,采用混合整数线性规划问题对模型进行求解。仿真结果表明,所提模型能够有效降低负荷的峰谷差,提高风电的消纳能力。

关键词: 风电不确定性, 需求响应, 经济调度, 概率分布, 混合整数线性规划, 峰谷差

Abstract:

In view of the increasing influence of wind power uncertainty on power system, this study proposes an economic dispatching method of power grid source-load network considering demand response. According to the price elasticity theory of demand and the principle of consumer psychology, a price-based demand response model is constructed. Based on flexible compensation incentive demand response, the complementary characteristics of the two types of demand responses are fully considered, and the reserve constraints of the two types of demand responses on the system are increased. The general probability distribution is introduced to describe the output characteristics of wind power, and the expected cost is used to quantify the uncertainty of wind power to punish the cost. The nonlinear variables in the objective function are linearized, and the mixed integer linear programming problem is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively reduce the peak-valley difference of load and improve the absorptive capacity of wind power.

Key words: wind power uncertainty, demand response, economic dispatch, probability distribution, mixed integer linear programming, peak-valley difference

中图分类号:

TM734

王玉梅, 张继钦, 周永鑫. 考虑需求响应和风电不确定性的电网调度[J]. 电子科技, 2024, 37(8): 68-74.

WANG Yumei, ZHANG Jiqin, ZHOU Yongxin. Research on Power Grid Dispatching Considering Demand Response and Wind Power Uncertainty[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2024, 37(8): 68-74.

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时段	高峰	平段	低谷
高峰	-0.100	0.016	0.012
平段	0.016	-0.100	0.010
低谷	0.012	0.010	-0.100

负荷情况	峰时段	平时段	谷时段
时段划分	8∶00~14∶00 19∶00~21∶00	5∶00~ 8∶00 14∶00~19∶00	0∶00~ 5∶00 21∶00~24∶00
电价/元·(kW·h)^-1	0.90 354	0.72 283	0.28 912

机组编号	最大出力 /MW	最小出力 /MW	a_i /元·MW^-2	b_i /元·MW^-1	c_i /元	最小启停时间 /h	机组爬坡速率 /MW·h^-1
1	455	200	0.00 336	113.33	7 000	6/6	200
2	455	150	0.00 217	120.82	6 790	5/5	200
3	130	30	0.01 400	116.20	4 900	5/5	100
4	130	25	0.01 477	115.50	4 760	5/5	100
5	162	45	0.02 786	137.90	2 450	5/5	100
6	80	20	0.04 984	155.82	2 590	3/3	72

参数	场景1	场景2	场景3	场景4	场景5
燃料成本/元	2 994 890	2 929 276	2 914 702	2 909 213	2 854 624
启停成本/元	93 590	49 840	45 594	43 152	41 373
弃风惩罚成本/元	189 555	138 836	109 049	95 867	56 836
需求响应成本/元	0	8 319	52 777	36 907	64 588
综合成本/元	3 278 035	3 126 271	3 122 122	3 085 139	3 017 421
弃风量/MW·h	902.643	661.127	519.282	456.512	270.646
弃风率/%	11.07	8.11	6.37	5.6	3.32