一种新的低空目标角度估计方法

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.2019.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对低空、超低空目标波达角度估计受多径畸变影响的问题,提出一种基于三子阵天线无特征分解的低空波达角度估计算法。该算法首先通过空间平滑构建三子阵天线,以降低信号矩阵的维度;然后利用低空环境下三子阵天线回波信号的形式,构造接收信号的正交矢量;最后通过角度谱函数完成多径情形下目标仰角的估计。算法直接利用回波信号协方差矩阵进行角度估计,省去了信号去相关、信源估计的繁琐过程,避免了通过特征分解划分信号子空间、噪声子空间等问题。通过数值仿真分析给出波达角度估计性能,证实了在低信噪比时该算法估计精度优于传统的测角算法。

关键词: 多径, 空间平滑, 三子阵天线, 波达角估计

Abstract:

Multipath distortion has been a challenge problem for direction of arrival (DOA) in low-altitude and ultra-low-altitude targets. In this paper, a novel DOA estimation method without characteristic decomposition is proposed based on the three-subarray. In view of this method, three subarrays are established by spatial smoothing to reduce the dimension of the signal matrix. On top of this, the orthogonal vector of the received signal is constructed based on the special form of the three-subarray received signal in multipath environment. Finally, a new cost function is derived to estimate the DOAs. It is worth mentioning that de-correlation and source number estimation is not required in this method. Compared with conventional methods, its superiority appears in DOA estimation accuracy for low angle targets in the low signal noise ratio by numerical simulation.

Key words: multipaths, spatial smoothing, three subarrays, direction of arrival

中图分类号:

TN820

黄保涛,蒋敏,伍光新,邢文革. 一种新的低空目标角度估计方法[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2019, 46(5): 98-104.

HUANG Baotao,JIANG Min,WU Guangxin,XING Wen’ge. Novelmethod for low-altitude target angle estimation[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2019, 46(5): 98-104.

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参考文献 11

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实验	目标高度/m	目标距离/km	直达角度/(°)	反射角度/(°)
1	100	5	0.97	-1.31
2	200	5	2.12	-2.46
3	100	10	1.06	-1.23
4	200	10	0.49	-0.66

目标角度/(°)	WEVD算法		SS-MUSIC算法
目标角度/(°)	估计角度/(°)	均方误差	估计角度/(°)	均方误差
0.97	0.966	0.032 6	0.968	0.037 1
2.12	2.123	0.016 8	2.122	0.018 3
1.06	1.059	0.023 3	1.059	0.020 8
0.49	0.489	0.045 1	0.492	0.044 2

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