融合区域边缘特征的双重自适应图像水印算法

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20221107

Abstract

Abstract:

Local image watermarking is a hotspot technology which embeds watermark in a partial image and can resist cropping attacks.Existing local watermarking technology locates the embedded region by the feature points,which may be offset when attacks occur.Due to the obvious difference of the pixel near edges,if the region contains many edges,the offset will lead to excessive regional pixel error and fail the watermark extraction.To solve this problem,a double adaptive image watermarking algorithm based on regional edge features is proposed.First,a method to determine the embedding region is proposed,which uses a sliding window to choose embedding regions with few edges and good hiding ability by taking image features such as the edge,texture,etc.into account.Second,a double adaptive watermark embedding scheme is proposed,which is divided into blocks,with each block embedding 1-bit watermark information by modifying the pixel value.In the first coarse-grained adaptive scheme,the function between the embedding parameter and the number of edge pixels is established through linear regression analysis,and the embedding strength is adaptively adjusted by the function to enhance the robustness of blocks containing edges.In the second fine-grained adaptive scheme,the gaussian window is used to adaptively adjust the modifications of different pixels to improve the imperceptibility of the watermark.Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the robustness of the watermark at the edge,and improve its imperceptibility.

Key words: image watermark, edge feature, imperceptibility, robustness, adaptive

CLC Number:

TP309.7

GUO Na,HUANG Ying,NIU Baoning,LAN Fangpeng,NIU Zhixian,GAO Zhuojie. Double adaptive image watermarking algorithm based on regional edge features[J].Journal of Xidian University, 2023, 50(5): 118-131.

Figures/Tables 9

References 19

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攻击类型	参数设置	BER/%
攻击类型	参数设置	SSR	AVAS	DQAQT	文中
高斯噪声	0.001	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
	0.010	0.05	0.00	0.43	0.00
	0.030	0.11	1.48	2.52	0.32
椒盐噪声	0.001	0.01	0.00	0.13	0.00
	0.010	0.61	0.02	2.18	0.00
	0.030	2.56	0.34	4.95	0.06
中值滤波	3×3	1.20	0.00	0.57	0.00
	5×5	4.45	2.48	1.31	0.01
	7×7	8.73	5.27	3.67	1.03
均值滤波	3×3	1.02	0.00	0.48	0.00
	5×5	5.12	1.27	1.18	1.32
	7×7	11.68	10.48	7.87	7.31
JPEG压缩	20	10.52	6.21	9.17	3.10
	50	0.64	0.00	0.12	0.00
	90	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

攻击类型	参数设置	BER/%
攻击类型	参数设置	SSR	AVAS	DQAQT	文中
剪切	1/16	0.46			0.00
	1/8	2.52			0.00
	1/4	5.78			0.00
放缩	0.7		0.00	0.35	0.00
	1.3		0.00	0.02	0.00
	2.0		0.00	0.06	0.00
缩放	0.6		0.00	1.11	0.76
	1.4		0.00	0.02	0.00
	2.5		0.00	0.12	0.00
改变纵横比	1.2×1.5		0.00	0.09	0.00
	2.0×1.0		0.00	0.21	0.00
	0.8×1.4		0.00	0.55	0.00
遮挡	1/16	0.39	0.91	0.78	0.00
	1/8	2.16	12.43	9.84	0.42
	1/4	5.60	34.57	28.77	1.02

攻击类型	参数设置	召回率/%
攻击类型	参数设置	SSR	文中
高斯噪声	0.03	100	100
椒盐噪声	0.03	96	96
中值滤波	3×3	100	100
均值滤波	3×3	100	99
JPEG压缩	20%	84	100
剪切	1/4	95	100
放缩	0.7		100
	2.0		100
缩放	0.6		100
	1.4		100
改变纵横比	1.2×1.5		100
	0.8×1.4		100
遮挡	1/4	95	99

Double adaptive image watermarking algorithm based on regional edge features

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