Abstract:

To alleviate the pressure on society's power supply caused by the huge energy consumption of the 5th generation mobile communication (5G) base stations,a joint distributed renewables,energy sharing and energy storage model is proposed with the objective of minimizing the long-term power purchase cost for network operators.A low-complexity real-time scheduling algorithm for energy sharing based on the Lyapunov optimization theory is proposed,taking into account the fact that the a priori statistical information on renewable energy output,energy demand and time-varying tariffs in smart grids are unknown.A virtual queue is constructed for the flexible electricity demand of the base stations in optimization problem solving.The energy storage time coupling constraint is transformed in the energy scheduling problem into a virtual queue stability problem.The proposed algorithm schedules the renewable energy output,energy storage,energy use and energy sharing of the base stations in real time,and minimizes the long-term cost of network operators purchasing power from the external grid on the premise of meeting the electricity demand of each base station.Theoretical analysis shows that all the proposed algorithm needs is to make real-time decisions based on the current system state and that the optimization result is infinitely close to the optimal value.Finally,simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the power purchase cost of the network operator by 43.1% compared to the baseline greedy Algorithm One.

Key words: energy sharing, 5G base station, time-varying price, Lyapunov optimization, energy storage, real-time algorithm