Abstract:

The phased array antenna has been widely used in radar,communication and other fields because of its advantages of high gain,high reliability and controllability of the beam.Considering the limitations of the size,the deployment terrain and the power consumption of the phased array antenna,it is difficult for a single phased array antenna to meet the requirements in some complex scenes,especially in some scenarios such as the space-earth communication,reconnaissance and jamming,so it is necessary to deploy multiple phased array antennas in a distributed manner for cooperative beamforming to obtain a higher power gain than a single array antenna.The distributed directional array uses multiple distributed array nodes to realize a virtual antenna array,sending or receiving the same signal by adjusting the phase of each array element to form the directional beam.A calculation method is proposed based on the principle of array synthesis and spatial analytic geometry aiming at the problem of calculating the gain coverage area of the distributed directional array beam in a specific height plane.Analysis and simulation results show that the gain coverage area of the linear distributed directional array beam,including the main lobe and gate lobe beam gain coverage area,is strongly correlated with the elevation angle of the distributed array,the height of the target plane,the signal carrier frequency and the number of distributed nodes,while it is weakly correlated with the distance between the distributed nodes.The analytical value of the proposed method is consistent with the computer simulation value,which can provide a theoretical reference for the implementation of the long-distance high-power distributed array in engineering.

Key words: beamforming, distributed array, spatial analytic geometry, coverage area analysis, area measurement