一种基于宏块复杂度的视频隐写算法

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.2022.02.019

Abstract

Abstract:

The video steganography based on the motion vector (MV) usually destroys the local optimality MV,and the destruction of such statistical properties is easily detected by the corresponding steganography analytical algorithms,resulting in a reduced performance of anti-stegoanalysis and steganography security.In order to reduce the damage to the local optimality of MVs,a video steganography algorithm based on macroblock complexity is proposed through the analysis of the influence of MV modification on the video quality and the local optimality of MV,and the low-complexity macroblock motion vectors are selected as carriers to effectively maintain the local optimality after embedding information.The proposed algorithm first introduces the Hilbert filling curve to scan macroblock pixels and defines macroblock complexity,then the macroblock complexity distribution is counted and the embedding threshold is dynamically determined according to the length of to-be-embedded data,and finally selects the MV of macroblock whose complexity is lower than the embedding threshold for random matching modification to embed secret information.Experimental results show that the stego video PSNR and SSIM degradation of the proposed algorithmare no more than 0.30 dB and 0.04,respectively,and the bit rate increase does not exceed 0.97 % when the video is compressed and embedded with a compression rate of 1000 Kb/s.Its comparison with related algorithms show that the stego video of the proposed algorithm has a high-level visual quality and a low-level bit rate growth,and that the proposed algorithm has good anti-steganalysis detection capability and security.

Key words: motion vector, steganography, Hilbert curve, macroblock complexity, steganalysis

CLC Number:

TP309.7

YANG Xiaoyuan,TANG Hongqiong,NIU Ke,ZHANG Yingnan. Video steganography based on macroblock complexity[J].Journal of Xidian University, 2022, 49(2): 164-172.

Figures/Tables 7

References 18

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压缩方式	实际比特率	嵌入率	平均比特率
压缩方式	实际比特率	嵌入率	文献[2]	文献[4]	文献[5]	文献[11]	文中算法
固定比特率压缩(1 000 kb/s)	966.19	0.1	979.56	980.71	968.54	966.41	964.76
		0.2	990.57	993.09	971.39	968.42	967.22
		0.3	996.44	1 000.28	974.18	971.99	970.93
		0.4	1 005.3	1 004.91	975.52	976.68	975.54
固定量化参数(为4)	1 524.65	0.1	1 618.52	1 631.61	1 546.47	1 535.88	1 519.94
		0.2	1 737.57	1 736.07	1 570.79	1 550.87	1 540.50
		0.3	1 842.05	1 853.96	1 591.23	1 573.62	1 571.99
		0.4	1 944.54	1 968.19	1 601.79	1 605.42	1 617.87

检测特征	比特率	嵌入率	准确率
检测特征	比特率	嵌入率	文献[2]	文献[4]	文献[5]	文献[11]	本文算法
局部最优性特征	500 kb/s	0.1	0.91	0.91	0.65	0.57	0.54
		0.2	0.96	0.97	0.73	0.70	0.66
	1 000 kb/s	0.1	0.92	0.90	0.69	0.66	0.60
		0.2	0.97	0.97	0.79	0.74	0.71
相邻相关性特征	500 kb/s	0.1	0.84	0.76	0.67	0.71	0.71
		0.2	0.94	0.87	0.83	0.86	0.84
	1 000 kb/s	0.1	0.82	0.78	0.65	0.69	0.70
		0.2	0.93	0.88	0.77	0.80	0.81

Video steganography based on macroblock complexity

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